In a bid to revolutionize traditional yam farming methods, innovative farmers are turning to commercial yam cultivation in sacks. This novel approach offers numerous benefits, including space optimization, better disease management, and increased yields. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to plant yam seedlings in bags or sacks:
Step 1: Selecting Suitable Bags/Sacks
Begin by selecting high-quality bags or sacks that are durable, breathable, and large enough to accommodate the yam seedlings. Non-woven polypropylene bags or sacks with a capacity of 20-30 liters are ideal for this purpose.
Step 2: Preparing the Growing Medium
Prepare a well-draining growing medium by mixing equal parts of compost, sand, and topsoil. Ensure the mixture is loose and friable to promote healthy root development.
Step 3: Preparing the Seedlings
Select healthy yam seedlings with well-developed tubers and sturdy stems. Trim any damaged or diseased parts of the seedlings and allow them to dry for a few hours before planting.
Step 4: Filling the Bags/Sacks
Fill each bag or sack with a layer of the prepared growing medium, leaving enough space at the top for planting the seedlings. Avoid compacting the soil to maintain proper aeration.
Step 5: Planting the Seedlings
Carefully place the yam seedlings into the filled bags/sacks, ensuring that the tubers are positioned facing downwards. Space the seedlings evenly to prevent overcrowding and facilitate proper growth.
Step 6: Watering and Fertilization
Water the planted seedlings thoroughly to settle the soil and promote initial root establishment. Apply a balanced fertilizer or organic compost to provide essential nutrients for healthy growth.
Step 7: Maintenance
Monitor the moisture levels in the sacks regularly and water as needed to keep the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Protect the yam plants from pests and diseases by applying organic pesticides or implementing integrated pest management practices.
Step 8: Training and Support
As the yam plants grow, provide support structures such as stakes or trellises to prevent them from sprawling and promote upward growth. Train the vines to climb the supports to maximize space utilization and facilitate harvesting.
Step 9: Harvesting
Yam tubers are typically ready for harvesting 8-10 months after planting, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Carefully excavate the sacks to retrieve the mature tubers, being mindful not to damage the roots or stems.
Step 10: Storage and Marketing
After harvesting, cure the yam tubers in a well-ventilated area for 1-2 weeks to enhance their flavor and prolong shelf life. Once cured, package the yams in suitable containers and market them to local consumers or commercial buyers.
Commercial yam farming in sacks offers a sustainable and efficient alternative to traditional cultivation methods, providing farmers with greater flexibility and profitability in yam production. By following these step-by-step guidelines, farmers can harness the potential of sack-based yam cultivation to achieve success in the agricultural industry.
